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01| The question is narrower than it sounds. We are not asking how to produce exceptional performance from gifted individuals. We are asking how to get inexperienced, differently skilled, stressed people to perform at an adequate level — good enough to produce solid Peoples' Impact that an impact buyer will pay for. Adequate, not exceptional. Solid, not perfect. Most development rhetoric overshoots that bar and most operational reality undershoots it. 02| Society already has

01| Empowering people is not romantic. It is a transfer of responsibility. When you hand someone the tools to lead, organize and deliver, you also hand them a new set of pressures to carry. If they are already carrying the weight of poverty, the question is not whether they can grow. The question is whether the new weight breaks them before the growth takes hold. 02| Take an amateur sports team. People who haven't trained seriously in years — eager, motivated, willing — sudde

01| Being poor can be described five ways: not earning enough money; not having the skills to earn what is needed; not having access to opportunities; living in a hostile environment that holds you down; and being so overwhelmed by problems that the resulting mindset is defensive rather than expansive. 02| The first three are handled by training and access. The last two are not, and those two are the readiness problem. A person can have the skill and the opportunity sitting i

01| Learning is roughly 40% content and 60% state of mind. You can build a school. You cannot do the learning for somebody else. Everything in the curriculum sits on top of that ratio, which is why psychology is not a soft add-on to Capabilities but the load-bearing part of it. 02| People's biggest fear is being called dumb. Dumb means the bottom of the food chain, a passive follower, permanently. Once that fear is installed, every intellectual task becomes a test of worth ra

01| You do not get paid to know things. Static, memorized knowledge is gold in the ground: valuable in principle, producing nothing where it sits. 02| What people are paid for is application — solving a problem so that things end up better than they were. That takes knowledge, and it also takes judgment, timing, nerve, and a willingness to be wrong in front of other people. Life is not a quiz. An education system built as though it were prepares people for an examination that

01| Everything above can be made to work for forty people in one barrio, by good people who care, over three years. That is not our claim and it is not worth making. 02| The population locked out of developing its talents and competing for middle-class work is not in the tens of thousands. Any intervention that cannot operate at that order of magnitude is not addressing the problem; it is producing examples. Programs that help a small number of people, however well, deserve s